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Summary - not yet available

Monument Type(s):

• MOAT (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
• RIDGE AND FURROW (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
• RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
• DITCH (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
• BOUNDARY DITCH (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
• BANK (EARTHWORK) (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Finds:

• SHERD (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Events:

• Earthwork survey, Braham Farm, Ely
• Aerial Investigation Mapping Project, East Cambridgeshire (Ref: P7767)

Protected Status:

• SHINE (Validated): Earthworks of rectangular enclosure and ridge and furrow at Braham Farm

Full description

R1, Moat with ridge and furrow (CUCAP grid ref TL/533-/777-).(A Spedding 29/11/1983, CUCAP AP BLS 93 used). Additional note: Probable moat with surrounding ridge and furrow. Suggestion of internal features. (R Palmer 16/01/1989).

R2. Moat at the S end of the parish in the home field of Brame or Braham Farm. A feeble rectangular earthwork about 180 feet square, slightly rounded at the corners, with two banks and shallow dry ditches. At one angle there is a small projecting work, and within the work faint traces of a smaller rectangular enclosure with a single bank may be seen. The OS (6 inch County Series 1903 2nd edition) map calls this site a 'Ro Camp', but no finds are recorded, ......it is most likely Med. "Green glazed pottery found by Ely Field Club c 1930".

R3. The enclosure consists of a small rectangular area bounded by triple banks and ditches whose height or depth is nowhere more than 2 feet. The enclosure is surrounded by ridge and furrow, which is also traceable not only within it but also between the inner and centre banks on the W side. Five small mounds in the interior, all under 1,5 feet high, overlie the ridge and furrow and there is an original entrance on the S side. Small scale excavations produced no evidence of date or function. The survey shows however, that the enclosure is Medieval or later and was constructed on the top of existing ridge and furrow. This type of enclosure is common all over the British Isles, although rare in Cambridgeshire, and is generally assumed to be a stock enclosure.

R4. The principle of simple relationship of ridge and furrow with later features can be used in other ways. In Cambridgeshire, S of Ely near Braham Farm, all OS maps show a rectangular enclosure 100by 115 m, bounded by triple banks which are all under 0,5 m high, with a simple entrance on one side. The site has interested local archaeologists for several years and many explanations for its possible use have been put forward, including a Roman camp and a Medieval farmstead. The fact, actually of no importance whatsoever, that the adjacent farm is mentioned in Domesday book in 1086 has also been used to draw attention to the 'obvious' antiquity of the enclosure. It has even been twice excavated with no finds or results. And yet until 1969 no-one had ever looked at the site carefully or made an accurate plan. Once this was done it was obvious that the whole enclosure lay on top of ridge and furrow which was still traceable within the interior and even between the enclosing banks. Thus whatever date it is, and this is still not known, the site is clearly Medieval or Post Medieval, and whatever it was for, equally unknown, it was certainly never occupied by buildings. The best explanation is that it is a cattle or sheep pen of no great antiquity. The work involved in establishing the relationships here took about five minutes of careful observation and 2 hours of detailed planning.

O2, The banks to the S have been defaced and are hardly recognisable. The only parallels suggested are with a civil war earthwork seen at Nebsworth in Warwickshire (SP 1942) (but the banks here are not as large nor do they have such a sharp profile), and a civil war work at Hawton, Nottingham (SK 7851). In the latter, the C17 earthwork is constructed upon the lines of an earlier homestead moat, and such might have been the case here. Published survey 25 inch revised.

O3, Fox in 1922 recorded no finds therefore no date. Green glazed pottery found by Ely Field Club c 1930.

O4, The farmer says that when the elms died 18 months ago, he ploughed the site and that the outer earthwork is still discernible. We saw no pattern.

O5, Isolated in flood plane (sic) of the Cam. A gleyed soil from boulder clay. 0,25 ha; unoccupied; ? entry; dry; no mill, surface finds or APs; rectangular plan. The whole recently destroyed and ploughed out. The excuse given is that the removal of dead elms defaced the earthworks.

9-13. As described above, a possible medieval or post-medieval moated site and ditches with ridge and furrow cultivation blocks is visible on historic aerial photographs and remote sensing data as cropmarks and earthworks and was mapped as part of the East Cambridgeshire Aerial Investigation and Mapping project (ECB6189). Located in two fields immediately north and north-west of Braham Farm and centred at TL 53260 77725, the moated features appear to be plough levelled and are only visible as cropmarks, as is the block of ridge and furrow cultivation bounding it to the north. The ditches and ridge and furrow blocks to the west are visible as earthworks. The moatditch is about 8 metres wide and extends about 63 metres W-E and 68 metres N-S. There appear to be amorphous ditch-like features within the moat enclosure.

CUCAP BHN 73 - 74,21/12/1971, 70 LIN 304-306 05/12/1970; BLS 92 - 96 09/02/1973; BWN 29-34 27/01/1976; CLD 15 -16, 18 - 19, 29/10/1979; RC8 - EB108 - 109, 140 - 142, 24/03/1982 (Aerial Photograph). SCB4577.

Salzman, L.F (ed), 1948, The Victoria County History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely. Volume 2, p. 30 (Bibliographic reference). SCB14649.

Taylor, C.C, 1973, Cambridgeshire Earthwork Surveys. PCAS 64: 35-44 (Article in serial). SCB10841.

Taylor C.C., 1974, Medieval Archaeology, p. 59-60 (Article in serial). SCB19799.

<5> Palmer, R., 1994, Cawdle Fen (TL5378), Ely, Cambridgeshire. Aerial Photographic Assessment (Unpublished report). SCB18030.

<6> Baird, J., Field Investigator Comments, 18/9/70 (Verbal communication). SCB62256.

<7> CAAM Rec 6in (Index). SCB1744.

<8> 1958, OS 6 inch map (Map). SCB8918.

<9> East Cambridgeshire AIM, 2020, US/7PH/GP/LOC267 V 5058 10-APR-1944 (Geospatial data). SCB68848.

<10> East Cambridgeshire AIM, 2020, RAF/106G/UK/1589 RP 3063 21-JUN-1946 (Geospatial data). SCB68851.

<11> Google Earth, 1999, Google Earth Imagery taken 1/1/1999, dated 01-JAN-1999 Accessed 23-JUL-2020. (Website). SCB49698.

<12> Google Earth, 2019, Google Earth Pro Imagery from 2019, 13-MAY-2019 Accessed 23-JUL-2020 (Aerial Photograph). SCB68061.

<13> East Cambridgeshire AIM, 2020, LIDAR TL57NW Composite DTM 1 Metre dated 2004-2017, TL5377 (Geospatial data). SCB68850.

Sources and further reading

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