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Summary

A defended site defined by an enclosing rampart and ditch with traces of a second and third rampart on the south-eastern side.

Protected Status

• Scheduled Monument 32939: VERYAN CASTLE MULTIPLE ENCLOSURE FORT AND ANNEXE 500M SOUTH WEST OF CHURCHTOWN FARM

Other References/Statuses

• National Mapping Programme (Morph No.): 158.15.1-3
• OS No. (OS Quarter-sheet and OS No.): SW93NW 2
• Primary Record No. (1985-2009): 22826
• SMR No. (OS Quarter-sheet and SMR No.): SW93NW 3

Monument Type(s):

• HILLFORT (Early Iron Age to Romano British - 800 BC to 409 AD)

Full description

Veryan Castle, or the Ringarounds, is an Iron Age or Romano-British defended site defined by an enclosing rampart and ditch with traces of a second and third rampart on the south-eastern side. The site stands on the slope of a steep hill; to the west the ground falls steeply, but the interior is nearly level, and the rampart is highest on the poorly defended south-eastern side; on the north-west it is hardly visible. The ditch varies between 5.0m and 6.5m wide and is visible both on the south-eastern and north-western sides, though the latter is little more than a terrace. Some 15m-20m outside the ditch is a second rampart, surviving only on the eastern and southern sides, where it has been fossilised as a modern hedge bank; it may never have completely surrounded the internal enclosure. Traces of a third rampart are visible as a slight scarp and as a cropmark on aerial photos in the south-eastern quadrant. The cropmark indicates that this outer rampart merges with the 'middle' rampart to form an annexe, rather than forming another concentric rampart. A 6.0m wide gap in the inner rampart on the south side is considered to be the original entrance. The site is defensively not very strong, being overlooked on all sides but the west, but Sheppard suggests that it still looks impressive (h3). King and Alcock refer to the site with the implication that it was medieval in origin (b4). The OS suggest that there is no reason not to regard the site as a classic round with additional defensive features (h1). The site is in good order though some considerable repairs and scrub clearance were carried out in the early 1980s (h3). The monument was included in the Schedule on 2/3/1962 and the scheduling was revised on 8/3/2001. The site is visible on aerial photographs (p1-3) and was plotted as part of the NMP.

Site monitoring by Cornwall Archaeological Society area representatives Sheila James and Coral Pepper in July 2011 found the site to be extremely overgrown. The following observations were made: "Site becoming overgrown, nettles and thistles on the platform area (photo), furze and bracken on the bank.. Some scrub hawthorn and brambles particularly in the ditch. Site is beside a public footpath but this is rarely used. "


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Site history:
1: 1977. CC/OS
2: 1980. PAS/DOE
3: 1983. PAS/DOE
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<1> Henderson, C, 1914, Notebooks of Parochial Antiquities, 279 (Unpublished document). SCO3503.

RAF, 1946, 106G/UK/1663 3114-5 (Photographic Record). SCO10222.

OSP, 19--, 75/944/44-5 (Photographic Record). SCO9356.

<2> Bousfield, P & S, 1952, Archaeological Survey of the Roseland Peninsula, (NS) VOL 1, 143 (Article in Journal). SCO5167.

RAF, 1964, 58/6399 (F62) 156 (Photographic Record). SCO13997.

<3> Ordnance Survey, 1970s, 1:10,000 OS Map (Cartographic materials). SCO4045.

<4> Hawkridge, C, 1967, Veryan and the Roseland, 4 (Bibliographic reference). SCO3477.

NMR, 1983, SW 9139/3 (Photographic Record). SCO16806.

<5> King & Alcock, 1969, Ringworks of England and Wales, Chateau Gaillard, 3, 112 (Bibliographic reference). SCO3784.

CAU, 1995, F44/157 (Photographic Record). SCO18348.

Sources / Further Reading

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events: none recorded

Related records: none recorded

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