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Summary

Ridges made for improved drainage and soil depth within an orchard of probable post-medieval to 19th century date were visible on aerial photographs of the 1940s onwards and digital images derived from lidar data captured between 1998 and 2017 as earthwork banks on the south-west and south facing combe slopes to the north of Pitt House, Hennock.

Location

Protected Status: none recorded

Other References/Statuses: none recorded

Monument Type(s) and Dates

• ORCHARD (Post Medieval to XIX - 1540 AD to 1840 AD (Between))

Full description

South West Heritage Trust, 1838-1848, Digitised Tithe Maps and Transcribed Apportionments (Cartographic). SDV359954.

The visible earthworks correspond with plots listed as orchards (Plots 199, 206, 207, 215).

Ordnance Survey, 1880-1899, First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map (Cartographic). SDV336179.

The visible earthworks fall within within larger plots depicted as orchards.

Royal Air Force, 1946, RAF/CPE/UK/1824, RAF/CPE/UK/1824 RP 3093-3094 04-NOV-1946 (Aerial Photograph). SDV352344.

Linear banks are visible as earthworks under tree cover.

Environment Agency, 1998-2017, LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution) EA: South Devon Coast to Dartmoor, LIDAR SX8578 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 31-MAY-2017 (Cartographic). SDV361470.

Linear banks are visible as earthworks.

Next Perspectives, 2015-2017, Aerial Photography for Great Britain, Next Perspectives APGB Imagery SX8578 08-JUN-2015 & 08-AUG-2015 (Aerial Photograph). SDV361515.

Linear banks are visible as earthworks cleared of trees.

Hegarty, C., Knight, S. and Sims, R., 2018-2019, The South Devon Coast to Dartmoor Aerial Investigation and Mapping Survey. Area 1, Haldon Ridge to Dart Valley (Interpretation). SDV361305.

Parallel earthwork ridges were visible on aerial photographs of 1946 onwards as earthwork banks under light tree cover to the north of Pitt House, Hennock. The visible earthworks are on average 5 metres wide and are aligned cross-contour. Four discrete groups of banks are visible, corresponding with plots listed as orchards on the Tithe Map for Hennock (Plots 199, 206, 207, 215). These plots have been consolidated into larger orchards on the Ordnance Survey 25-inch First Edition map.
The banks are interpreted as earthworks made to enhance drainage and provide additional depth of soil within an orchard of probable post-medieval to early 19th century date. The 19th century map evidence might support the interpretation that the banks predate circa 1840.
Three of the four plots have been cleared of tree cover by 2015 but the banks remain visible as earthworks on digital images derived from lidar data captured between 1998 and 2017.

Sources / Further Reading

SDV336179	Cartographic: Ordnance Survey. 1880-1899. First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map. First Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch Map. Map (Digital).
SDV352344	Aerial Photograph: Royal Air Force. 1946. RAF/CPE/UK/1824. Royal Air Force Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). RAF/CPE/UK/1824 RP 3093-3094 04-NOV-1946.
SDV359954	Cartographic: South West Heritage Trust. 1838-1848. Digitised Tithe Maps and Transcribed Apportionments. Tithe Map and Apportionment. Digital.
SDV361305	Interpretation: Hegarty, C., Knight, S. and Sims, R.. 2018-2019. The South Devon Coast to Dartmoor Aerial Investigation and Mapping Survey. Area 1, Haldon Ridge to Dart Valley. Historic England Research Report. Digital.
	Linked documents:1
SDV361470	Cartographic: Environment Agency. 1998-2017. LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution) EA: South Devon Coast to Dartmoor. Environment Agency LiDAR data. Digital. LIDAR SX8578 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 31-MAY-2017. [Mapped feature: #114203 ]
SDV361515	Aerial Photograph: Next Perspectives. 2015-2017. Aerial Photography for Great Britain. Digital. Next Perspectives APGB Imagery SX8578 08-JUN-2015 & 08-AUG-2015.

Associated Monuments: none recorded

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events

• EDV7515 - The South Devon Coast to Dartmoor Aerial Investigation and Mapping (formerly NMP) Survey (Ref: ACD1748)

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