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Hertfordshire HER
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Hertford is recorded as a Royal Borough in Domesday Book, with 146 burgesses, 54 houses, 2 churches and 3 mills <1>. Its origins lie with the creation of two defended settlements or 'burhs' in the early 10th century; see [9828, 9830].
The Borough had its own court and the burgesses had the right to elect a bailiff from the early 13th century. By the 15th century the Borough had a number of officers, including weighers of bread and ale tasters. Hertford sent two MPs to Parliament on a number of occasions in the later 13th and 14th century, and it was fully incorporated as a Borough, with its own seal, in 1554 <2>.
There are four known parish churches within the Borough: All Saints, St Andrew's, St Mary's and St Nicholas [2998]. The parishes of St Mary and St Nicholas appear to have declined significantly during the medieval period, with the church of St Mary being demolished sometime before the 16th century and that of St Nicholas before the 19th century. The priory of St John [2999] was founded to the east of the Borough in the 11th century.
Following the building of Hertford Castle in the 11th century, the focus of the town appears to have shifted westwards towards the castle from its pre-conquest focus at the Market Square with the development of tenements along Castle Street. St Andrew Street also probably developed after 1066.
Hertford appears to have declined during the later medieval period (14th and 15th century), due partly to the competition from the neighbouring town of Ware following the rebuilding of its bridge in the 12th century <3>. This impression is supported by several excavations within the Borough.
| 9804 | Parent of: 21-23 (THE WALNUTS), CASTLE STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9862 | Parent of: 27 ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 4000 | Parent of: APPROXIMATE SITE OF ST NICHOLAS' CHURCH, MAIDENHEAD YARD, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9861 | Parent of: HALL HOUSE, 10-14 ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9836 | Parent of: LATE MEDIEVAL HOUSE, 1 ST ANDREW SREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9840 | Parent of: LATE MEDIEVAL HOUSE, 3 ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9885 | Parent of: LATE SAXON, MEDIEVAL AND POST-MEDIEVAL FEATURES, MILLBRIDGE, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 6527 | Parent of: LATE SAXON/EARLY MEDIEVAL OCCUPATION AND CASTLE DITCH, 12-14 PARLIAMENT SQUARE, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9838 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL & POST-MEDIEVAL ACTIVITY, 15 ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9835 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL & POST-MEDIEVAL RUBBISH PITS, 4-6 ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9896 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL AND POST-MEDIEVAL CULTIVATION, BULL PLAIN, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9814 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL CROSSWING, 12 & 14 OLD CROSS, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9891 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL FEATURES BEHIND 7-13 BULL PLAIN, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 6958 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL FEATURES, 54 ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 6426 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL FEATURES, BIRCHERLEY GREEN, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9888 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL FEATURES, HONEY LANE, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 6427 | Parent of: MEDIEVAL PITS, 31-33 RAILWAY STREET, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 1402 | Parent of: SAXON & MEDIEVAL POTTERY, TURK'S HEAD INN, RAILWAY STREET, HERTFORD (Find Spot) |
| 6528 | Parent of: SAXON AND MEDIEVAL POTTERY, GREEN DRAGON HOTEL, PARLIAMENT SQUARE, HERTFORD (Find Spot) |
| 9892 | Parent of: SITE OF LATE SAXON & MEDIEVAL CEMETERY, MARKET PLACE, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 2987 | Parent of: SITE OF MARKET CROSS, OLD CROSS, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 4003 | Parent of: SITE OF OLD (COUNTY) GAOL, FORE STREET, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 9889 | Parent of: SITE OF POST-MEDIEVAL BUILDINGS, HONEY LANE, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 2998 | Parent of: SITE OF ST MARY THE LESS CHURCH, PUBLIC LIBRARY, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 1696 | Parent of: ST ANDREW'S CHURCH, ST ANDREW STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9807 | Parent of: THE OLD VICARAGE, 8 CHURCH STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9808 | Parent of: THE SALISBURY ARMS (THE BELL), 24-26 FORE STREET, HERTFORD (Building) |
| 9893 | Parent of: TRACES OF MEDIEVAL BUILDINGS, PRIORY STREET, HERTFORD (Monument) |
| 2 | Part of: TOWN OF HERTFORD (Place) |