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Summary

Castlethorpe medieval site, north of Scawby Road. Scheduled monument. An archaeological evaluation in 1992 found a late Saxon boundary ditch, a late medieval boundary wall, and post medieval enclosures. A circular feature may be a Bronze Age burial mound.

Monument Types

• INHUMATION (PRE:BA, Early Bronze Age - 2350 BC? to 1501 BC?)
• ROUND BARROW? (PRE:BA, Early Bronze Age - 2350 BC? to 1501 BC?)
• DITCH (EMED:AS:C10/MED, Early Medieval/Dark Age - 900 AD to 999 AD)
• MOAT (MED, Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)

Protected Status - None

Associated Finds

• SHERD (Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age - 1000 BC to 401 BC)
• MOLLUSCA REMAINS (Early Medieval/Dark Age to Medieval - 410 AD? to 1539 AD?)
• SHERD (Early Medieval/Dark Age to Medieval - 900 AD to 1539 AD)
• ANIMAL REMAINS (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Events

• Watching brief at Yarborough House, Brigg, North Lincolnshire, 1991 (Ref: YHB 91)
• Archaeological Assessment, Brigg Railway Embankment Improvement Works
• Desk-Based Assessment on land at the Old Sugar Factory, Brigg, North Lincolnshire, 2008
• Geophysics at Castlethorpe DMV, Brigg, North Lincolnshire, 1988
• Earthwork Survey of Castlethorpe DMV, 1979
• Trial Excavations near Scawby Road, Brigg, North Lincolnshire, 1992 (Ref: CAB 92)
• Excavation at Scawby Brook, Brigg, North Lincolnshire, 1992 (Ref: SBB 92)
• Land at Ancholme Road, Brigg (Ref: PCA 251)
• Aerial photographic sortie
• Aerial photographic sortie
• Gouge Auger Survey, Castlethorpe Moated Site, 2014

Full description

Castlethorpe (Broughton, LWR), Castorp 1086 DB. Cheistorp c1115 LS, Kaistorp 1224 FF, C1270 RA ii, Keisrorp Hy3 (1311) Ch, the second element is old Danish thorpe 'a secondary settlement', in this case probably of Broughton. The first el. Is difficult,but we might consider a Scand. Byname, either ON Keikr or ON Keiss. Forms in Castlethorpe do not appear till the 16th century. [1]

In Bertone and Mannebi and Catorp [Broughton and Manby and Castlethorpe (Manley)] Edwin had three bovates of land [assessed to the geld. There is land for one team. It is waste. There are 10 acres of meadow there, and 10 acres of underwood. T.R.E it was worth 10 shillings; and now 4 shillings. [2]

Area of earthworks in grassland W of Yarborough Mills, N of A18. N-S boundary ditches divide an area of 10 ha. or more, with a series of substantial ditched enclosures and possible building platforms near the roadside, centred on SE 9900 0695. Small areas near the road are used as gardens. [3]

Scheduled Monument. Monument name 'Moated Site 285m east of Castlethorpe House', national monument number 32625. [4]

The scheduled earthworks were surveyed by K Miller and J Boden in 1979. [5, 6]

A resistivity survey was carried out by Geophysical Surveys of Bradford in 1988. It detected linear features and potential structural remains on the eastern and southern sections of the site. A distinct circular feature was also present in the eastern section. [7]

Two phases of excavation were carried out by Humberside Archaeology Unit in 1991, They were connected with development proposals that in the event did not proceed.

The first excavation was in advance of the laying of an underground electricity cable, east of the scheduled area. Three east-west linear boundary ditches were recorded. The northernmost was probably medieval in date; pottery evidence showed that all three were open and receiving dumps of rubbish in the 17th century or earlier. They were backfilled in the 19th century. [8, 9]

The second evaluation comprised 7 trial trenches, targeting features identified in the earthwork and geophysical surveys. Two were within the scheduled area. The circular ditch identified by the geophysical survey was sectioned in Trench 2. It was 3.4m wide and 0.5m deep, cutting into natural limestone. The fill contained an articulated horse skeleton and pottery of probable post-medieval date. To the west, a north-south aligned ditch coincided with a geophysical anomaly. It was 2.28m wide and 0.57m deep. The fill contained two sherds of Late Saxon shell-gritted pottery. At the base of the ditch were the fragmentary remains of a human inhumation. It could not be determined if this was contemporary with the ditch, or was an earlier burial disturbed by its construction. A single sherd of Late Bronze Age pottery was also found in the topsoil, leading to the possibility that this was a primary or secondary burial within a circular barrow that date.

Trenches 1 - 6 recorded boundary and enclosure features of four distinct phases. The earliest phase was a 10th century north-south boundary ditch, present in Trench 2 and also Trench 1 to the north. It appeared to be a precursor to earthworks slightly to the west, but on the same alignment. A late medieval limestone wall in Trench 1 was an important east-west boundary in the second phase. It was re-established as a ditch in the third phase, and a north-south ditch in the centre of the site was recut twice. Pottery associated with these features suggest a date from the late 17th century onwards. The fourth phase was the division of the site into four strips of roughly equal width, probably during the late 18th century. [10, 11]

Aerial photographs, 1992 and 1995 [12- 16]

Ground slides showing 1992 excavations in progress [17, 18]

The human remains from the CAB 92 excavation were listed in a PhD thesis gazetteer in 2004. [19]

This site was listed in a desk-based assessment carried out by CGMS Consulting in 2007. No additional information. [20]

Reports on macrofossil plant remains from the 1992 evaluation on this site are listed in the northern region gazetteer:

Site No 1686 Castlethorpe I EAU 92/39 Miles A, Dainton M, Hall A and Kenward H, 1992 'An evaluation of the bioarchaeological potential of deposits from excavations at Castlethorpe 1, Scawby Brook, Brigg, S Humberside, 1992' Unpublished report prepared for Humberside Archaeol. Unit

Site No 1687 Castlethorpe I EAU 92/40 Miles A, Dobney K, Hall A and Kenward H, 1992 'An evaluation of the bioarchaeological potential of deposits from excavations at Castlethorpe 2, Brigg, S Humberside, 1992' Unpublished report prepared for Humberside Archaeol. Unit [21]

English Heritage Monuments at Risk report. [22]

Low level oblique aerial photograph, 1988. [23]

An unpublished report, commissioned by Glanford Borough Council in 1989 in order to try to determine the history of the scheduled village earthworks at Brigg. [24]

The Scheduled Monument was included on the Heritage at Risk register 2015. [25]

A gouge auger survey in 2014 revealed the ditches of the moated site had no potential for organic preservation and consequently the Heritage at Risk classification was downgraded from 'high' to 'low'. [26]

1991, Yarborough House, Brigg, Watching Brief (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS3801.

Hammon, A., 2016, Determining The Presence Or Absence Of Deposit Types Conducive To Organic Preservation From Heritage At Risk Moated Sites: Yorkshire And The Humber Pilot Study, Final Report, 9, 60-61 (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS7356.

<1> Kenneth Cameron, Contributions by John Insley, 1998, A Dictionary of Lincolnshire Place-Names., 29 (BOOK). SLS2607.

<2> North Lincolnshire Museum, Parish files, Castlethorpe (MUSEUM RECORDS). SLS1344.

<3> Loughlin, N and Miller, KR, 1979, A Survey of Archaeological Sites in Humberside, 189 (BOOK). SLS523.

<4> English Heritage, Scheduling notification, MPP23/AA31800/1 (ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS). SLS1405.

<5> Miller, K & Boden, J., 1979, Castlethorpe DMV (PLAN - MEASURED). SLS3784.

<6> Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology, 1966 -, Lincolnshire History and Archaeology, Vol 15, 1980, 70 (JOURNAL - RECORD OF EVENTS). SLS1352.

<7> Geophysical Surveys, 1988, Report on Geophysical Survey. Castlethorpe DMV, Brigg South Humberside (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS2576.

<8> Humberside Archaeological Unit, 1995, HAU Excavation Index, SBB 92 (INDEX). SLS2945.

<9> Humberside Archaeological Unit, 1992, Archaeological Excavations at Scawby Brook Brigg, 13 (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS2578.

<10> Humberside Archaeological Unit, 1995, HAU Excavation Index, CAB 92 (INDEX). SLS2945.

<11> Humberside Archaeological Unit, 1992, Archaeological Trial Excavations by Scawby Road, Brigg, 11-14, 21-22, Fig 2 (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS2577.

<12> E. Dennison, 1992, Untitled Source (AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH). SLS608.

<13> E. Dennison, 1992, Untitled Source (AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH). SLS609.

<14> E. Dennison, 1992, Untitled Source (AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH). SLS610.

<15> APS, c. 1995, Untitled Source (AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH). SLS607.

<16> APS, c. 1995, Untitled Source (AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH). SLS611.

<17> E DENNISON, 1992, CASTLETHORPE EXCAVATIONS 1992 (GROUND SLIDE). SLS384.

<18> E DENNISON, 1992, CASTLETHORPE EXCAVATIONS 1992 (GROUND SLIDE). SLS385.

<19> Jo Buckberry, 2004, A Social and Anthropological Analysis of Conversion Period and Later Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries, 351 (GAZETTEER). SLS2786.

<20> Flitcroft, M., 2007, Archaeological Impact Assessment, Brigg Railway Line Improvement Works, Brigg Embankment, Appendix 1 (DESK BASED ASSESSMENT REPORT). SLS3246.

<21> Hall, A.R. & Huntley, J.P, 2007, A Review Of The Evidence For Macrofossil Plant Remains From Archaeological Deposits in Northern England, 314 (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS3276.

<22> English Heritage, 2009, Monuments at Risk data, 32625 (ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS). SLS3978.

<23> K Leahy, 1988, Untitled Source (AP SLIDE). SLS5671.

<24> Hallsworth, AD, 1989, A report into the history of Castlethorpe, Broughton (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS4120.

<25> Historic England, 2015, Heritage at Risk 2015 - Yorkshire, 26 (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS7354.

<26> Hammon, A., 2016, Determining The Presence Or Absence Of Deposit Types Conducive To Organic Preservation From Heritage At Risk Moated Sites: Yorkshire And The Humber Pilot Study, Final Report, 9, 60-61 (REPORT - INTERIM, RESEARCH, SPECIALIST, ETC). SLS7356.

Sources and further reading

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