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HER Number:7901.06
Name:WINDMILL - Medieval windmill

Summary

The south eastern of a pair of late C16/early C17 windmills on the Hugh.

Grid Reference:SV 8984 1029
Parish:St Marys, St Marys, Isles of Scilly
Map:Show location on Streetmap

Protected Status: None recorded

Other References/Statuses

  • OS No. (OS Quarter-sheet and OS No.): SV81SE 41
  • Primary Record No. (1985-2009): 7901.06
  • SMR No. (OS Quarter-sheet and SMR No.): SV81SE 4

Monument Type(s):

  • WINDMILL (16th Century - 1501 AD to 1600 AD)

Full description

Prior to the 1994 revision of the Garrison defences SMR, this site was recorded under PRN 7417.01.
The south eastern of a pair of late C16/early C17 windmills on the Hugh; this one has been demolished. One windmill was purchased in 1593/94 (b16) and both were noted by the 1652 Duchy survey which stated that they were employed by the Garrison and used by all the islanders with "soake, toll, suite and custome thereunto belonging" (b1). Labelled 'windmills' on the 1655 map (b2) and shown with sails on a 1693 chart (b4). Shown with sails on the 1741 map (b5) but as 'old windmills' on the 1742 map (b6), the sails depicted on the former were perhaps a convention (b20). Heath confirms that by 1750 they were ruinous: "two circular walls of windmills formerly in use" (b8). Troutbeck in 1796 states that they were replaced by Penninis windmill after a dispute concerning islanders wanting access at hours the commanding officer deemed unreasonable (b9). Plans to re-use the towers as blockhouses during the Napoleonic war in 1803 or 1804 were not pursued (b10, b19) and in 1822 they were daymarks for shipping (b11). Shown as an open (unroofed) circle on the 1888 OS 1:2500 map and labelled 'old windmill' (b13); removed by 1907 (b14), presumably during the erection of Greystones barracks (7908.05) in c1901 (b21), although the 1902 RA record plan shows a circle with broken lines here (b22).
(b21) - Parkes, C, 1994, Pers Comm, ,

--------------------------------
Site history:
1: 1978. NJS / OS
2: 1984. UNKNOWN / EH
3: 1988. WATERS, A / CAU
--------------------------------


<1> Pounds, NJG, 1984, The Parliamentary Survey of the Duchy of Cornwall, PT 2, 37 (Bibliographic reference). SCO4153.

<2> UNKNOWN, 1655, A MAP OF THE HEW HILL THE CHEIFFE FFORTIFICATIONS, DD GO 575 (Unedited Source). SCO5445.

<3> ROBYN, I, 1683, SCILLY ISLES OF TESORLINGES (Unedited Source). SCO5464.

<4> COLLINS, G, 1693, THE ISLANDS OF SCILLY, GREAT BRITAIN'S COASTLINE PILOT (Unedited Source). SCO5472.

<5> UNKNOWN, 1741, A PLAN OF HUGH GARRISON IN ST MARY'S ISLAND AT SCILLY (Unedited Source). SCO5540.

<6> UNKNOWN, 1740, A PLAN OF HUGH FORT ALIAS THE STAR CASTLE (Unedited Source). SCO5532.

<7> Tovey, A, 1750, A Plan of the Peninsula and Fortifications on St Mary's (Bibliographic reference). SCO4950.

<8> Heath, R, 1750, A Natural and Historical Account of the Islands of Scilly, 72 (Bibliographic reference). SCO3486.

<9> Troutbeck, J, 1796, Survey of the Ancient and Present State of the Scilly Islands, 52 (Bibliographic reference). SCO4965.

<10> LYMAN, D, 1803, OBSERVATIONS (Unedited Source). SCO5738.

<11> Woodley, G, 1822, A View of the Present State of the Scilly Islands, 225 (Bibliographic reference). SCO5069.

<12> Birch, JF, 1974, Plan of the Garrison on the Island of Saint Mary, Scilly (Bibliographic reference). SCO2851.

<13> Ordnance Survey, 1880s, 1st Edition 1:2500 Map (Cartographic materials). SCO4048.

<14> Ordnance Survey, 1900s, 2nd Edition 1:2500 Map (Cartographic materials). SCO4050.

<15> O'Neil, BH St J, 1961, Isles of Scilly MOW Guide, 36 (Bibliographic reference). SCO4042.

<16> DOE, Listed Building Description (original DOE) (Bibliographic reference). SCO5173.

<17> Adams, F & P, 1984, Star Castle and its Garrison, 7 (Bibliographic reference). SCO2717.

<18> OSBORNE, JP, 1990, SCILLONIAN WAR DIARY, 1914-18, VOL 2 (Unedited Source). SCO8938.

<19> STEVENSON, IV, 1989, SOME WEST COUNTRY DEFENCES, VOL 17, 11-26 (Unedited Source). SCO8918.

<20> Goodwin, J, 1993, Granite Towers on St Mary's, Isles of Scilly (Article in Journal). SCO3368.

<22> KENNEY, AH, 1902, STEVAL AND WOOLPACK BATTERIES RECORD PLANS (Unedited Source). SCO6901.

Sources / Further Reading

[1]SCO4153 - Bibliographic reference: Pounds, NJG. 1984. The Parliamentary Survey of the Duchy of Cornwall. PT 2, 37.
[2]SCO5445 - Unedited Source: UNKNOWN. 1655. A MAP OF THE HEW HILL THE CHEIFFE FFORTIFICATIONS. DOCUMENT AT CRO. DD GO 575.
[3]SCO5464 - Unedited Source: ROBYN, I. 1683. SCILLY ISLES OF TESORLINGES. ANTIQUE MAPS OF CORNWALL. QUIXLEY, RCE.
[4]SCO5472 - Unedited Source: COLLINS, G. 1693. THE ISLANDS OF SCILLY, GREAT BRITAIN'S COASTLINE PILOT.
[5]SCO5540 - Unedited Source: UNKNOWN. 1741. A PLAN OF HUGH GARRISON IN ST MARY'S ISLAND AT SCILLY. COPY PONSON,S, 1780.
[6]SCO5532 - Unedited Source: UNKNOWN. 1740. A PLAN OF HUGH FORT ALIAS THE STAR CASTLE. AT FORTRESS HOUSE.
[7]SCO4950 - Bibliographic reference: Tovey, A. 1750. A Plan of the Peninsula and Fortifications on St Mary's. At Star Castle.
[8]SCO3486 - Bibliographic reference: Heath, R. 1750. A Natural and Historical Account of the Islands of Scilly. 72.
[9]SCO4965 - Bibliographic reference: Troutbeck, J. 1796. Survey of the Ancient and Present State of the Scilly Islands. 52.
[10]SCO5738 - Unedited Source: LYMAN, D. 1803. OBSERVATIONS. GRANITE TOWERS ON ST MARY'S, ISLES OF SCILLY. GOODWIN, J.
[11]SCO5069 - Bibliographic reference: Woodley, G. 1822. A View of the Present State of the Scilly Islands. 225.
[12]SCO2851 - Bibliographic reference: Birch, JF. 1974. Plan of the Garrison on the Island of Saint Mary, Scilly. At Hugh House.
[13]SCO4048 - Cartographic materials: Ordnance Survey. 1880s. 1st Edition 1:2500 Map.
[14]SCO4050 - Cartographic materials: Ordnance Survey. 1900s. 2nd Edition 1:2500 Map.
[15]SCO4042 - Bibliographic reference: O'Neil, BH St J. 1961. Isles of Scilly MOW Guide. 36.
[16]SCO5173 - Bibliographic reference: DOE. Listed Building Description (original DOE). Listing "Greenbacks".
[17]SCO2717 - Bibliographic reference: Adams, F & P. 1984. Star Castle and its Garrison. 7.
[18]SCO8938 - Unedited Source: OSBORNE, JP. 1990. SCILLONIAN WAR DIARY, 1914-18. VOL 2.
[19]SCO8918 - Unedited Source: STEVENSON, IV. 1989. SOME WEST COUNTRY DEFENCES. FORT. VOL 17, 11-26.
[20]SCO3368 - Article in Journal: Goodwin, J. 1993. Granite Towers on St Mary's, Isles of Scilly. Cornish Archaeology. 32. 128-139.
[22]SCO6901 - Unedited Source: KENNEY, AH. 1902. STEVAL AND WOOLPACK BATTERIES RECORD PLANS. AT PRO, COPIES AT CAU.

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events

  • ECO3128 - Garrison Walls, Isles of Scilly, conservation plan

Related records

7900Part of: THE GARRISON - Post Medieval fortification (Monument)

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