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Summary

The remains of ridges, probably made for tree planting or improved drainage from the post-medieval period to 20th century were visible on aerial photographs of the 1940s as low and narrow parallel earthwork banks on the west facing slopes to the north of Penny Hill Farm, Stockland.

Location

Protected Status: none recorded

Other References/Statuses: none recorded

Monument Type(s) and Dates

• ORCHARD (Post Medieval to XX - 1540 AD to 1947 AD (Between))

Full description

Ordnance Survey, 1880-1899, First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map (Cartographic). SDV336179.

The earthworks corresponded to a depicted orchard. Map object based partly on this source.

Royal Air Force, 1947, RAF/CPE/UK/1974, RAF/CPE/UK/1974 RP 3432-3433 11-APR-1947 (Aerial Photograph). SDV356127.

Linear earthwork banks were visible. Map object based partly on this source.

Environment Agency, 1998-2014, LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution), LIDAR ST2401 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014 (Cartographic). SDV359177.

The banks cannot be seen as earthworks and have probably been levelled.

Next Perspectives, 2014, Aerial Photography for Great Britain, Next Perspectives APGB Imagery ST2401 08-SEP-2014 (Aerial Photograph). SDV359479.

The banks cannot be seen as earthworks.

Hegarty, C. + Knight, S. + Sims, R., 2016-2018, The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme Project (Interpretation). SDV359463.

The remains of ridges, probably made for tree planting or improved drainage from the post-medieval period to 20th century were visible on aerial photographs of the 1940s as low and narrow parallel earthwork banks on the west facing slopes to the north of Penny Hill Farm, Stockland.
The visible banks extended over an area of nearly 0.4 hectares and were spaced up to approximately 6 metres apart, but fell within a larger plot depicted as an orchard on the Ordnance Survey First Edition 25 inch map and are therefore interpreted as ridges made for fruit tree planting and improved orchard drainage. Their alignment was obliquely across to the contours, presumably to aid drainage. The orchard also occupied the area of a former quarry, recorded separately.
By 1947 the tree density within the orchard was low revealing the underlying earthwork banks across the orchard plot. The orchard has now been almost completely cleared of trees and the banks were not apparent as earthworks on digital images derived from lidar data and have therefore probably been levelled.

Sources / Further Reading

SDV336179	Cartographic: Ordnance Survey. 1880-1899. First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map. First Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch Map. Map (Digital).
SDV356127	Aerial Photograph: Royal Air Force. 1947. RAF/CPE/UK/1974. Royal Air Force Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). RAF/CPE/UK/1974 RP 3432-3433 11-APR-1947.
SDV359177	Cartographic: Environment Agency. 1998-2014. LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution). Environment Agency LiDAR data. Digital. LIDAR ST2401 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014.
SDV359463	Interpretation: Hegarty, C. + Knight, S. + Sims, R.. 2016-2018. The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme Project. Historic England Research Report. Digital.
	Linked documents:2
SDV359479	Aerial Photograph: Next Perspectives. 2014. Aerial Photography for Great Britain. Digital. Next Perspectives APGB Imagery ST2401 08-SEP-2014.

Associated Monuments: none recorded

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events

• EDV7508 - The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme (NMP) project (Ref: ACD1228)

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