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Summary

The remains of ridges, probably made for tree planting or improved drainage from the post-medieval period to the early 20th century were visible on aerial photographs as low and narrow parallel earthwork banks on the south-east facing slopes of a combe south-west of Ham, Stockland.

Location

Protected Status: none recorded

Other References/Statuses: none recorded

Monument Type(s) and Dates

• ORCHARD (Post Medieval to XX - 1540 AD to 1996 AD (Between))

Full description

Devon County Council, 1838-1848, Tithe Mosaic, approximately 1838-1848 (Cartographic). SDV349431.

The plot was depicted as an orchard.

Ordnance Survey, 1880-1899, First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map (Cartographic). SDV336179.

The plot was depicted as an orchard. Map object based partly on this source.

Royal Air Force, 1947, RAF/CPE/UK/1974, RAF/CPE/UK/1974 RP 3433-3434 11-APR-1947 (Aerial Photograph). SDV356127.

Earthwork banks were visible through light tree cover.

Ordnance Survey, 1969, OS/69270, OS/69270 V 90-91 12-JUN-1969 (Aerial Photograph). SDV359511.

The orchard remained densley planted.

Environment Agency, 1998-2014, LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution), LIDAR ST2300 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014 (Cartographic). SDV359177.

Narrow parallel earthwork banks remained visible. Map object based partly on this source.

Hegarty, C. + Knight, S. + Sims, R., 2016-2018, The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme Project (Interpretation). SDV359463.

The remains of narrow ridges or banks, probably made for tree planting or improved drainage from the post-medieval period to the early 20th century were visible on aerial photographs as low and narrow parallel earthwork banks on the south-east facing slopes west of Hawley Farm, overlooking the combe at Hawley Bottom, Stockland.
The visible banks extended over an area of circa 0.2 hectares and were spaced roughly 4 metres apart. They fell within a plot depicted as an orchard on the Tithe Map for Stockland and the OS First Edition 25 inch map are therefore interpreted as former ridges made for fruit tree planting and improved orchard drainage. They were aligned cross contour, presumably to aid drainage towards combe and stream to the south.
By 1947 the tree density within the orchard was low revealing the underlying earthwork banks. The orchard planting was cleared after 1969. The banks remained visible as earthworks on digital images derived from lidar data.

Sources / Further Reading

SDV336179	Cartographic: Ordnance Survey. 1880-1899. First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map. First Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch Map. Map (Digital).
SDV349431	Cartographic: Devon County Council. 1838-1848. Tithe Mosaic, approximately 1838-1848. Digitised Tithe Map. Digital.
SDV356127	Aerial Photograph: Royal Air Force. 1947. RAF/CPE/UK/1974. Royal Air Force Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). RAF/CPE/UK/1974 RP 3433-3434 11-APR-1947.
SDV359177	Cartographic: Environment Agency. 1998-2014. LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution). Environment Agency LiDAR data. Digital. LIDAR ST2300 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014.
SDV359463	Interpretation: Hegarty, C. + Knight, S. + Sims, R.. 2016-2018. The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme Project. Historic England Research Report. Digital.
	Linked documents:2
SDV359511	Aerial Photograph: Ordnance Survey. 1969. OS/69270. Ordnance Survey Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). OS/69270 V 90-91 12-JUN-1969.

Associated Monuments: none recorded

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events

• EDV7508 - The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme (NMP) project (Ref: ACD1228)

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