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Summary

The remains of ridges made for fruit tree planting and improved orchard drainage probably in the post-medieval period or 19th century were visible as low parallel earthwork banks on aerial photographs of 1947 and 1950 on the north-west facing slopes north-west of Colestocks, Payhembury parish.

Location

Protected Status: none recorded

Other References/Statuses: none recorded

Monument Type(s) and Dates

• FIELD BOUNDARY (Post Medieval to XIX - 1540 AD to 1880 AD (Between))
• ORCHARD (Post Medieval to XIX - 1540 AD to 1880 AD (Between))

Full description

South West Heritage Trust, 1838-1848, Digitised Tithe Maps and Transcribed Apportionments (Cartographic). SDV359954.

Plot 458 is listed as Pitt Orchard.

Devon County Council, 1838-1848, Tithe Mosaic, approximately 1838-1848 (Cartographic). SDV349431.

The visible earthworks correspond with plot 458.

Ordnance Survey, 1880-1899, First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map (Cartographic). SDV336179.

The visible earthworks do not correspond with any depicted orchard.

Royal Air Force, 1947, RAF/CPE/UK/1974, RAF/CPE/UK/1974 FP 1453 11-APR-1947 (Aerial Photograph). SDV356127.

Narrow parallel linear earthwork banks were visible.

Royal Air Force, 1950, RAF/541/453, RAF/541/453 RP 3099-3100 30-MAY-1950 (Aerial Photograph). SDV357845.

Narrow parallel linear earthwork banks were visible.

Environment Agency, 1998-2014, LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution), LIDAR ST0800 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014 (Cartographic). SDV359177.

The banks were not visible as earthworks.

Hegarty, C. + Knight, S. + Sims, R., 2016-2018, The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme Project (Interpretation). SDV359463.

Narrow ridges were visible as low parallel earthwork banks on aerial photographs of 1947 and 1950. The visible earthwork banks were spaced circa 6 metres apart and crossed the contours of the slope over an area of circa 0.15 hectares.
The visible earthworks did not correspond with an orchard depicted on the Ordnance Survey First Edition 25 inch map but did match plot 458 on the Tithe Map for Payhembury, listed as Pitt Orchard on the Tithe Apportionments. The earthworks are therefore interpreted as the remains of banks made for fruit tree planting and improved drainage in orchards dating possibly from the post-medieval period to the 19th century, but passing out of use in the mid to late 19th century. A narrow bank to the east of the plot is probably evidence of the former orchard boundary.
The plot is now obscured by trees but the banks were not visible as earthworks on digital images derived from lidar data captured between 1998 and 2014, and might therefore have been levelled, possibly in landscaping to create a new pond.

Sources / Further Reading

SDV336179	Cartographic: Ordnance Survey. 1880-1899. First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map. First Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch Map. Map (Digital).
SDV349431	Cartographic: Devon County Council. 1838-1848. Tithe Mosaic, approximately 1838-1848. Digitised Tithe Map. Digital.
SDV356127	Aerial Photograph: Royal Air Force. 1947. RAF/CPE/UK/1974. Royal Air Force Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). RAF/CPE/UK/1974 FP 1453 11-APR-1947. [Mapped feature: #77434 ]
SDV357845	Aerial Photograph: Royal Air Force. 1950. RAF/541/453. Royal Air Force Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). RAF/541/453 RP 3099-3100 30-MAY-1950.
SDV359177	Cartographic: Environment Agency. 1998-2014. LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution). Environment Agency LiDAR data. Digital. LIDAR ST0800 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014.
SDV359463	Interpretation: Hegarty, C. + Knight, S. + Sims, R.. 2016-2018. The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme Project. Historic England Research Report. Digital.
	Linked documents:2
SDV359954	Cartographic: South West Heritage Trust. 1838-1848. Digitised Tithe Maps and Transcribed Apportionments. Tithe Map and Apportionment. Digital.

Associated Monuments: none recorded

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events

• EDV7508 - The Blackdown Hills AONB and East Devon River Catchments National Mapping Programme (NMP) project (Ref: ACD1228)

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