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Summary

Ridges made for improved drainage and soil depth within an orchard of probable 19th century date were visible as earthwork banks in a plot east of Pennycombe Farm, Kenn, on digital images derived from lidar data captured between 1998 and 2017.

Location

Protected Status

• SHINE: Traditional farm buildings within the curtilege of Listed Farmhouse (Grade II), at Pennycombe farm

Other References/Statuses

• SHINE Candidate (Yes)

Monument Type(s) and Dates

• ORCHARD (XVIII to XX - 1800 AD to 1985 AD (Between))

Full description

South West Heritage Trust, 1838-1848, Digitised Tithe Maps and Transcribed Apportionments (Cartographic). SDV359954.

Plot 136 is listed as Back Orchard.

Ordnance Survey, 1880-1899, First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map (Cartographic). SDV336179.

The plot is depicted as an orchard.

Royal Air Force, 1946, RAF/106G/UK/1412, RAF/106G/UK/1412 RP 3128-3129 13-APR-1946 (Aerial Photograph). SDV352504.

The banks were not visible, the orchard densely planted with trees.

Environment Agency, 1998-2017, LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution) EA: South Devon Coast to Dartmoor, LIDAR SX9384-SX9350 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014 (Cartographic). SDV361470.

East to west aligned earthwork banks were visible.

Next Perspectives, 2015-2017, Aerial Photography for Great Britain, Next Perspectives APGB Imagery SX9384 19-JUL-2016 (Aerial Photograph). SDV361515.

The plot remains lightly planted. The banks were not apparent but probably survive as subtle earthworks.

Hegarty, C., Knight, S. and Sims, R., 2018-2019, The South Devon Coast to Dartmoor Aerial Investigation and Mapping Survey. Area 1, Haldon Ridge to Dart Valley (Interpretation). SDV361305.

Parallel earthwork ridges circa 7m wide were visible on digital images derived from lidar data captured between 1998 and 2017, east of Pennycombe Farm, Kenn. The banks are closely spaced and are aligned across the contours of the east-facing combe slope. The banks coincide with an orchard depicted on the on the Tithe Map for Kenn, listed on the apportionment as Plot 136, Back Orchard. The plot is shown as an orchard on the OS First Edition 25inch map and remains moderately planted on aerial photographs of 1946.
The banks are interpreted as earthworks made to enhance drainage and provide additional depth of soil for planting within an orchard of probable 19th century date. The visible banks do not extend over the whole area of the 19th century orchard plot, and may be evidence of a smaller, earlier phase of orchard enclosure that had been extended by the mid-19th century.
The plot remains lightly planted on digital images derived from aerial photographs of 2016 and the banks probably survive as subtle earthworks.

Sources / Further Reading

SDV336179	Cartographic: Ordnance Survey. 1880-1899. First Edition Ordnance 25 inch map. First Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch Map. Map (Digital). [Mapped feature: #112557 ]
SDV352504	Aerial Photograph: Royal Air Force. 1946. RAF/106G/UK/1412. Royal Air Force Aerial Photograph. Photograph (Paper). RAF/106G/UK/1412 RP 3128-3129 13-APR-1946.
SDV359954	Cartographic: South West Heritage Trust. 1838-1848. Digitised Tithe Maps and Transcribed Apportionments. Tithe Map and Apportionment. Digital.
SDV361305	Interpretation: Hegarty, C., Knight, S. and Sims, R.. 2018-2019. The South Devon Coast to Dartmoor Aerial Investigation and Mapping Survey. Area 1, Haldon Ridge to Dart Valley. Historic England Research Report. Digital.
	Linked documents:1
SDV361470	Cartographic: Environment Agency. 1998-2017. LiDAR DTM data (1m resolution) EA: South Devon Coast to Dartmoor. Environment Agency LiDAR data. Digital. LIDAR SX9384-SX9350 Environment Agency DTM 01-JAN-1998 to 30-SEP-2014.
SDV361515	Aerial Photograph: Next Perspectives. 2015-2017. Aerial Photography for Great Britain. Digital. Next Perspectives APGB Imagery SX9384 19-JUL-2016.

Associated Monuments: none recorded

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events

• EDV7515 - The South Devon Coast to Dartmoor Aerial Investigation and Mapping (formerly NMP) Survey (Ref: ACD1748)

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