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Summary

Parish church of st. Thomas a becket. Almost entirely 15th c. With much carving including bench ends, roofs and rood screens mostly 1530-1540 with distinctly renaissance designs. Wagon roofs have carved cornices, wall plates and bosses; exceptionally fine rood screen with perfect vaulting and enriched panels. Restored (hoskins, 1954). A review of a new book on the church.(hoskins, 1938-1939).

Location

Protected Status

• Listed Building (I) 1250085: CHURCH OF ST THOMAS OF CANTERBURY
• Listed Building (I) 1250085: CHURCH OF ST THOMAS OF CANTERBURY

Other References/Statuses

• Church of England HER: 5244
• Old DCC SMR Ref: SS70NW/3
• Old Listed Building Ref (I)

Monument Type(s) and Dates

• PARISH CHURCH (Late Medieval - 1401 AD to 1539 AD (Between))

Full description

HOSKINS, 1938-1939, Untitled Source (Migrated Record). SDV54984.

Parish church of st. Thomas a becket. Almost entirely 15th c. With much carving including bench ends, roofs and rood screens mostly 1530-1540 with distinctly renaissance designs. Wagon roofs have carved cornices, wall plates and bosses; exceptionally fine rood screen with perfect vaulting and enriched panels. Restored (hoskins, 1954). A review of a new book on the church.(hoskins, 1938-1939).

Untitled Source (Migrated Record). SDV54986.

Thompson, a. H. /arch. J/70(1913)472.

Untitled Source (Migrated Record). SDV54987.

Hoskins, w. G. /devon/(1954)423.

Untitled Source (Migrated Record). SDV54988.

Hoskins, w. G. /dcnq/20(1938-1939)393-394/"lapford and its church of st. Thomas a becket", by the rev. W. F. Bond.

Untitled Source (Migrated Record). SDV54989.

Doe/hhr:lapford/(4/11/1985)54.

Department of Environment, Untitled Source (Migrated Record). SDV326015.

Parish church. Norman origins, rebuilt in c15, north aisle added and nave re-roofed in late c15. Vestry added 1869 according to cresswell and chancel is complete rebuild of same time. South porch rebuilt 1871. Further renovation of 1888 by packham, croote and stuart included scraping and repointing the masonry, exposing and repairing the roofs, and some window replacement. Original fabric of mudstone rubble with granite, red sandstone and volcanic ashlar detail; c19 snecked mudstone masonry and red sandstone, hamstone and bathstone detail; slate roofs with crested ridge tiles on north aisle. Perpendicular architecture throughout. See doe list for full details (doe).

Historic England, 2017, National Heritage List for England, 1250085 (National Heritage List for England). SDV359963.

Parish church. Norman origins, rebuilt in C15, north aisle added and nave re-roofed in late C15. Vestry added 1869 according to Cresswell and chancel is complete rebuild of same time. South porch rebuilt 1871. Further renovation of 1888 by Packham, Croote and Stuart included scraping and repointing the masonry, exposing and repairing the roofs, and some window replacement. 1955 restoration by Lt. Col. Bertram Shore. Original fabric of mudstone rubble with granite, red sandstone and volcanic ashlar detail; C19 snecked mudstone masonry and red sandstone, Hamstone and Bathstone detail; slate roofs with crested ridge tiles on north aisle. Nave with smaller and narrower chancel, north aisle and vestry, west tower and south porch. Perpendicular throughout. Tall west tower of 3 stages with diagonal buttresses and embattled parapet. Semi-octagonal stair turret projecting from south-east corner with embattled parapet. The 4 bold drip courses are carried round the stair turret and buttresses and rise as hoodmoulds over doorway and window on west side. Replaced belfry windows of red sandstone, all 2-lights with trefoil heads and a quatrefoil in the arched head. West side of tower has C15 doorway, a 2-centred arch with moulded surround and roll stops, which contains C19 studded plank door with plain heavy hinges. Tall 3-light window above with restored Perpendicular tracery and a drip course at sill level is on this side only. Late C19 carved gargoyle water spout at the top on the north-west corner. South side has an unusual and very weathered sandstone niche in the lower stage which now contains a C19 statue of St Thomas a Becket and, in the middle stage, a 2-light window to the ringing loft similar to the belfry windows but of volcanic stone and original. The stair turret has tiny slit windows and 1 quatrefoil light. The east face of the tower shows evidence of an earlier higher roof than present. South side of nave is much restored. Renewed Bathstone window at left end is square-headed and 2-lights with cinquefoil heads and hoodmould, and towards right end is a much-restored, arch- headed window with Perpendicular tracery. C19 porch has Bathstone quoins, kneelers and coping to gable end, outer flat arch with moulded surround, and lancets either side. At right (east) end of nave is a volcanic and red standstone offset buttress which has been reduced in height, possibly C15 work. Gable end of nave is slate hung above the chancel. Chancel itself is wholly C19. South side has two 2-light Perpendicular windows with a buttress between them. East end has diagonal buttresses each side, kneelers and coping to gable which is surmounted by a fleuree cross and contains large 3-light window with Perpendicular tracery and moulded hoodmould with large labels carved as bishops heads, and, near the apex, a trefoil headed ventilator. Set into the bottom of the wall is a plaque recording the 1955 restoration by Lt. Col. Bertram Shore (Architect), Harry Partridge (master builder) and Michael Tucker (master mason). North side of chancel has 2 lancets. East end of north aisle and gable end of vestry have the same kneelers, coping, cross and ventilator as the chancel. Former contains a 3-light Perpendicular window and latter a 3-light Decorated window. On east side of vestry is an arched door containing a plank door with Gothick cover strips and strap hinges with fleur-de-lis finials and on the north-west corner is a large chimney shaft supported by an offset buttress. Immediately to the right of the vestry the break between the C19 rebuild and C15 north aisle can clearly be seen. The north aisle nevertheless heavily restored 3-window front of tall square-headed 3-light windows with elliptical heads, sunken spandrels and moulded hoodmoulds. Original granite heads and renewed mullions. Restored buttresses between and chamfered granite plinth. West has been restored in the style of C19 rebuild of east end. Exceptional interior. Tiled floor of porch includes a C17 granite gravestone with a sunken border and bold lettering rising from it. 'God rest the soul of John Killan'. C15 south doorway, a granite 2-centred arch with moulded surround and roll stops. It contains an ancient studded oak door thought by some to be Norman. The coverstrips are C19 but the massive plain strap hinges, the other iron fittings and the large oak lock housing are original. Above the south door is a semi-circle of voussoirs, may be a blocked Norman arch. Nave has very fine late C15 wagon roof, now open but formerly ceiled. 8 bays, main trusses with moulded ribs and purlins, large carved bosses, carved vine leaf wall plate and angels bearing heaters stand on shaped corbels under each main truss. The 2 bays nearest chancel have a ceilure; the panels are boarded and there are diagonal cross braces, crestwork around the panels and on the wall plate, the bosses are richer and the whole finished with paint and gold leaf. ll-bay wagon roof to north aisle is similar but not quite as grand as the nave roof. Here too the original ceiling has been removed. Chancel has 4 bay C19 roof with false hammer beam trusses with moulded archbraces and cusped queen struts above collar. Similar roof to vestry. Moulded chancel arch on corbels. High tower arch has triple-chamfered arch ring dying into plain sides. Stair turret projects into south-west corner and includes a granite arch containing a C15 oak studded plank door. Late C15 4-bay granite arcade to north aisle with moulded piers (Pevsner's Type A) with moulded capitals to shafts only and wide low arches. Nave and aisle walls have been stripped of plaster and much restored. Large crank-headed arch to C19 vestry. C19 tile floors throughout with some patterned encaustic tiles in chancel. The late C15 8-bay oak rood screen across both nave and aisle is well-preserved and amongst the finest in the country. It has Pevsner's B Type Perpendicular tracery over panelled wainscotting with applied ogival tracery and lower quatrefoils. The ribbed coving over the arches is enriched with carved Renaissance motifs, and above this the cornice is covered by 4 friezes of densely carved openwork foliage and delicate cresting. Chancel door has been rehung and door to former north chapel is missing. Bay to left of chancel door had mullion removed in C17 to accommodate a reading desk and lintel with lobe decoration inserted. Rear of screen is less decorated. Contemporary oak 3 bay parclose. East bay of wainscotting has an applied strip of chip-carved oak with 4 trefoil heads. 4-light square-headed windows with slender Perpendicular tracery and round headed door. Most of seating is C15 oak benches. 2 distinct types but both are C15. Earlier benches now to south of nave and north of aisle have moulded surrounds to bench ends with boldly carved panels, either tracery or rigidly symmetrical plant motifs. The later C15 benches, mostly in the middle of nave and aisle, include original rear benches and frontal with collonade of flamboyant Perpendicular applied tracery and lower quatrefoils. Bench ends have carved foliage frames and similar tracery to 2-panels. These contain a variety of carved motifs in matching pairs arranged on heaters, sometimes heraldic achievements, plant symbols, human faces and some allegoric, such as symbols of the Passion. One features the initials of the Saint John family who had the manor and advowson from 1430 to circa 1490. Some C19 benches to rear. Other furnishings are all C19. Oak handrail on wrought iron supports with repoussee vine leaf brackets. Gothic-style Beerstone stem pulpit with octangonal drum and marble shafts to arcade and dated 1860, the gift of Henry Kelland. Oak lectern of 1884. Perpendicular Gothic-style Beerstone font. Single plain marble mural monument to James Wills Patridge (died 1836) on south wall. East window and south window have stained glass memorial windows, both to Kelland family and made by Beer and Driffield 1888-9. North windows have attractive late C19 leaded glass in which geometric patterns made up of small panes of coloured translucent glass and with simple flowers in heads.
Date first listed: 26th August 1965.

Sources / Further Reading

Associated Monuments: none recorded

Associated Finds: none recorded

Associated Events: none recorded

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