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The West Berkshire Historic Environment Record (HER) is the primary index of the physical remains of past human activity in the unitary authority of West Berkshire Council. Limited elements of the West Berkshire HER are available online via the Heritage Gateway, therefore it is not suitable for use in desk-based studies associated with development, planning and land-use changes, and does not meet the requirements of paragraph 194 of the National Planning Policy Framework (2021: 56). Please read the important guidance on the use of the West Berkshire HER data. For these purposes and all other commercial enquiries, please contact the Archaeology team and complete our online HER enquiry form.


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HER Number MWB6024
Record Type Monument
Name GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY - General record within West Berkshire

Summary

Victorian railway with several branch lines

Associated Legal Designations or Protected Status

  • Listed Building (II*) 1117145: MORTIMER STATION
  • Listed Building (II*) 1135802: WAITING ROOM AT MORTIMER STATION ON SOUTH WEST SIDE OF RAILWAY LINE - ERROR IN NAME (incorrect orientation)
  • Listed Building (II) 1290673: Gatehampton Viaduct (MLN14402)
  • Listed Building (II) 1214420: RAILWAY UNDERBRIDGE AT SU 6336 7663

Other Statuses and Cross-References

  • Berkshire SMR No. (pre 2000): 05053.00.000
  • National Monuments Record No.: LINEAR 892
    Berks and Hants Branch Railway - SU 70 73
  • National Monuments Record No.: LINEAR 900
    LONDON AND BRISTOL RAILWAY - SU 43196 77962

Monument Type(s):

  • RAILWAY (Victorian to Late 19th century - 1840 AD to 1900 AD)

Full Description

The main Great Western Railway line ran from Paddington to Bristol via Reading; the line to Newbury and Hungerford was a branch line, part of the Berks and Hants Extension. Another extension ran from Reading to Basingstoke. The GWR was constructed on the broad gauge principle; its rails were seven feet instead of four feet nine inches apart. The first idea of the line arose from a meeting in Bristol in 1833, and an Act of Parliament was passed in 1835. Due to the 'great and ludicrously violent opposition it met with from landholders', the cost of purchasing land and the construction costs meant that the railway cost upwards of six millions sterling, independently of the rolling stock. <1>

The whole length of the Great Western Railway from Paddington to Bath and Bristol opened in June 1841, although the line across Berkshire was open by 1840. The branch line connecting Reading to Newbury opened in 1847; at this time the line ended at Hungerford. The line south to Basingstoke opened in 1848.

Sources and further reading

<00>Bourne, J C. 1846. The History and Description of the Great Western Railway. [Monograph / SWB148280]
<01>Measom, G. 1852 (1985). The Illustrated Guide to the Great Western Railway 1852. [Monograph / SWB146708]
<02>Phillips, D. 1975. How the Great Western came to Berkshire - a railway history 1833-1882. [Monograph / SWB147141]
<03>Mitchell, V & Smith, K. 2001. Newbury to Westbury. [Monograph / SWB146883]
<04>Allen, J. 2001. The Berks and Hants Line - Theale to Bedwyn (including Hungerford). [Monograph / SWB147298]
<05>Money, W. 1905 & 1972. A Popular History of Newbury (also Walter Money's History of Newbury). p108. [Monograph / SWB11278]
<06>Mitchell, V & Smith, K. 2000. Slough to Newbury. [Monograph / SWB146885]
<07>Christiansen, R. 1981. A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain - Thames & Severn. Vol 13 Thames & Severn. [Monograph / SWB147341]
<08>Brindle, S. 2004. Paddington Station: Its history and architecture. [Monograph / SWB147651]
<09>Brindle, S. 2005. Brunel: The Man Who Built the World. [Monograph / SWB147652]
<11>Simmonds, P. 2014. A history of the Berks and Hants line Reading to Westbury. [Monograph / SWB148853]
<12>Alan Baxter & Associates LLP. 2012. History and Significance of the Great Western Main Line. [Unpublished document / SWB148522]
<13>Dils, J (ed). 1998. An Historical Atlas of Berkshire. p86-7 The railways of Berkshire by Brian Boulter. [Monograph / SWB13916]
<14>Dils, J and Yates, M (ed). 2012. An Historical Atlas of Berkshire (2nd Edition). p106-107 The railways of Berkshire. [Monograph / SWB148708]

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MWB20183Aldermaston station footbridge (Monument)
MWB6055ALDERMASTON TO MIDGHAM RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB6047Basildon Bridge or Gatehampton Viaduct (Monument)
MWB20153Basingstoke Road overbridge (Monument)
MWB20154Beenham Lockside Crescent overbridge (Monument)
MWB15931Black Boys Bridge, Newbury (Monument)
MWB20306Bloomfield Hatch Lane overbridge (Monument)
MWB20211Bonemill Lane overbridge (Monument)
MWB20198Boundary Road overbridge (Monument)
MWB20287Bourne Road underbridge, Pangbourne (Monument)
MWB21934Bridge west of Kintbury - NEEDS EDITING (Monument)
MWB20175Brimpton Road overbridge (Monument)
MWB20192Bull's Lock railway bridge (Monument)
MWB20162Canal overflow railway bridge near Heales Lock (Monument)
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MWB20245Church Street overbridge, Kintbury (Monument)
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MWB20179Colthrop Level Crossing (Monument)
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MWB20257Croft Road railway bridge, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20286Footpath underbridge west of Purley on Thames (Monument)
MWB20322Footpath underbridge within Purley Park (Monument)
MWB19848Frouds Lane Overbridge (Monument)
MWB20193Hambridge Lane railway bridge (Monument)
MWB20223Hamstead Marshall level crossing (Monument)
MWB19799High Street railway bridge, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20136Holy Brook railway bridge south of Hawkesbury Drive (Monument)
MWB20138Holy Brook railway bridge south of Piercefield (Monument)
MWB20137Holy Brook railway bridge south of Willow Tree Glade (Monument)
MWB20254Hungerford level crossing (Monument)
MWB20252Hungerford Station footbridge (Monument)
MWB6067HUNGERFORD STATION TO WILTSHIRE (Monument)
MWB20249Kennet & Avon Canal railway bridge east of Kintbury (Monument)
MWB20271Kennet & Avon Canal railway bridge, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20215Kennet & Avon Canal railway bridge, known as Pickletimber Bridge (Monument)
MWB20233Kintbury level crossing (Monument)
MWB6065KINTBURY TO HUNGERFORD STATION RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB20303Kirton's Farm Road overbridge, Burghfield (Monument)
MWB20231Level crossing near Kintbury sewage works (Monument)
MWB20174Level crossing near Wickham Knights Bridge, Woolhampton (Monument)
MWB20220Level crossing south of Marsh Benham (Monument)
MWB20226Level crossing west of Hamstead Crossing (Monument)
MWB20172Level crossing west of Theale (Monument)
MWB20139M4 overbridge over Reading-Newbury railway line (Monument)
MWB20268Marsh Lane railway bridge, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20177Midgham Marsh level crossing (Monument)
MWB6057MIDGHAM STATION TO THATCHAM STATION RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB20157Millstream railway bridge east of Woolhampton (Monument)
MWB20161Millstream railway bridge west of Woolhampton (Monument)
MWB20188Monkey Marsh footbridge (Monument)
MWB20189Monkey Marsh level crossing (Monument)
MWB20310Mortimer station footbridge (Monument)
MWB20190Muddy Lane level crossing (Monument)
MWB20283New Hill overbridge, Purley (Monument)
MWB20194Newbury Racecourse station footbridge (Monument)
MWB6061NEWBURY RACECOURSE TO NEWBURY STATION RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB20204Newbury station footbridge (Monument)
MWB6063NEWBURY TO KINTBURY RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB20163Oxlease level crossing, Midgham (Monument)
MWB20152Padworth Lane overbridge (Monument)
MWB20151Padworth level crossing (Monument)
MWB6045Pangbourne Station (GWR) (Monument)
MWB6046Pangbourne Station to Oxfordshire Railway Line (Monument)
MWB20266Parsonage Lane railway bridge, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20305Pingewood Road South overbridge, Burghfield (Monument)
MWB20284Purley Lane overbridge (Monument)
MWB20197Racecourse overbridge (Monument)
MWB20173Railside level crossing, Woolhampton (Monument)
MWB20270Railway accommodation overbridge west of Marsh Lane, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20176Railway bridge at Midgham Marsh (Monument)
MWB20250Railway bridge near Wire Lock (Monument)
MWB6121READING TO BASINGSTOKE BRANCH LINE (Monument)
MWB6122READING TO MORTIMER STATION RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB6050READING WEST TO THEALE STATION RAILWAY LINE (Monument)
MWB20217River bridge by Barnett's Lock - eastern one of two (Monument)
MWB20218River bridge by Barnett's Lock - western one of two (Monument)
MWB20213River bridge by Newbury Bypass (Monument)
MWB20232River bridge east of Kintbury (Monument)
MWB20227River bridge near Dreweatt's Lock (Monument)
MWB20219River bridge west of Barnett's Lock (Monument)
MWB20224River bridge west of Hamstead Crossing (Monument)
MWB20273River Dun railway bridge, Hungerford (Monument)
MWB20251Road overbridge near Dun Mill Lock (Monument)
MWB20275Road overbridge near Froxfield (Monument)
MWB19849Rockingham Road Overbridge, Newbury (Monument)
MWB20301Shooters Hill overbridge, Lower Basildon (Monument)
MWB20156Site of Aldermaston goods shed (Monument)
MWB21017Site of Aldermaston pumping station and water troughs (Monument)
MWB20155Site of Aldermaston signal box (Monument)
MWB20216Site of Benham Bridge level crossing (Monument)
MWB20181Site of Colthrop Mill footbridge (Monument)
MWB21035Site of Colthrop Sidings (Monument)
MWB20214Site of Enborne Junction signal box (Monument)
MWB23165Site of first Pangbourne signal box (Monument)
MWB20222Site of Hamstead Crossing signal box (Monument)
MWB20255Site of Hungerford East signal box (Monument)
MWB20253Site of Hungerford goods shed (Monument)
MWB22660Site of Hungerford Station goods yard crane (Monument)
MWB22738Site of Hungerford Station goods yard crane (Monument)
MWB20256Site of Hungerford West signal box (Monument)
MWB20235Site of Kintbury goods shed (Monument)
MWB20234Site of Kintbury signal box (Monument)
MWB20248Site of level crossing near Brunsdon Lock (Monument)
MWB20247Site of level crossing near Orchard Meadow Bridge (Monument)
MWB20221Site of level crossing south of Marsh Benham (Monument)
MWB20229Site of level crossing west of Dreweatt's Lock (Monument)
MWB20160Site of Midgham goods shed (Monument)
MWB20159Site of Midgham signal box (Monument)
MWB20308Site of Mortimer goods shed (Monument)
MWB20309Site of Mortimer signal box (Monument)
MWB20199Site of Newbury East Junction signal box (Monument)
MWB20200Site of Newbury goods shed (Monument)
MWB21028Site of Newbury Middle signal box (Monument)
MWB21027Site of Newbury Racecourse signal box (Monument)
MWB20195Site of Newbury Racecourse station footbridge (2) (Monument)
MWB20196Site of Newbury Racecourse station footbridge (3) (Monument)
MWB20205Site of Newbury West signal box (Monument)
MWB20203Site of original Newbury station signal box (Monument)
MWB20289Site of Pangbourne goods shed (Monument)
MWB20182Site of Pipers Lane footbridge (Monument)
MWB20290Site of second Pangbourne signal box (Monument)
MWB20246Site of stream bridge west of Kintbury (Monument)
MWB20202Site of Thatcham goods shed (Monument)
MWB20186Site of Thatcham signal box (Monument)
MWB20141Site of Theale goods shed (Monument)
MWB20140Site of Theale signal box (Monument)
MWB20142Site of Theale station footbridge (Monument)
MWB21034Site of Tyle Mill sidings (Monument)
MWB20145Site of Tyle Mill signal box (Monument)
MWB20146Site of Ufton Crossing signal box (Monument)
MWB20143Station Road overbridge, Theale (Monument)
MWB16561Station Road underbridge, Pangbourne (Monument)
MWB20228Stream bridge near Dreweatt's Lock (Monument)
MWB20230Stream bridge west of Dreweatt's Lock (Monument)
MWB20225Stream bridge west of Hamstead Crossing (Monument)
MWB20244Stream bridge west of Kintbury (Monument)
MWB20185Thatcham level crossing (Monument)
MWB20191Thatcham Moors railway bridge (Monument)
MWB20184Thatcham station footbridge (Monument)
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MWB20300Track underbridge west of Pangbourne (Monument)
MWB20144Tyle Mill overbridge, Sulhamstead (Monument)
MWB20147Ufton Nervet level crossing (Monument)
MWB6077Welford Sidings (Monument)
MWB19044Westbury Lane overbridge, Purley (Monument)
MWB20288Whitchurch Road underbridge, Pangbourne (Monument)
MWB20201Winchcombe Road overbridge (Monument)
MWB20285Winston Lane overbridge, Purley (Monument)
MWB20158Woolhampton level crossing (Monument)
MWB6068NEWBURY TO NEWBURY WEST FIELDS RAILWAY LINE (Monument)

Associated Excavations and Fieldwork

EWB1265History and Significance of the Great Western Main Line