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Historic England Research Records

Hereford Cathedral

Hob Uid: 110139
Location :
County of Herefordshire
Hereford
Grid Ref : SO5117039730
Summary : Cathedral originally constructed during the early 11th but destroyed in 1055. Rebuilt in the 12th century by Bishop Renhelm, with 13th-15th century alterations. Restored on a number of occassions during the 18th and 19th century.The Lady Arbour or Bishop's Cloister is a slightly irregular rectangle on the south side of the nave of the cathedral. It has alleys or cloisters on the east and south sides that were built early in the 15th century. There was a western cloister, but this was demolished in 1760 to make way for a Georgian style building called the Music Room. This building was also demolished, to be replaced in 1897 by the Dean leigh Library. The irregular shape of the cloister is because the eastern part of the south wall of the south alley was built against the north wall of the Chapel of SS Katherine and Mary Magdalene. This remarkable two-storied building which was unique in this country, was built by Robert of Lorraine, in the latter part of the 11th century and is often referred to as the Losinga Chapel.Work started on the the construction of the Chapter House in 1340, but it was not completed until 1370. The building had ten sides and was 45 feet in diameter. During the Civil war the lead was removed from the roof of the Chapter House for re-use on the roof of the tower in the castle, it was not replaced until the Commonwealth came to an end. By 1769 the building was so dangerous that most of it had to be demolished.
More information : (SO 51003979) Cathedral (NAT). (1)

The Saxon See, subsequently called Hereford, was probably due
to the reorganisation of the English Church by Archbishop Theodore
late in the 7th century. The church at Hereford was rebuilt
in the 11th century but badly damaged in 1055.

Bishop Reinhelm (1107-15) is stated to be the founder of the
existing cathedral and this is supported by the architectural
details. (Full architectural description).

(See Map Diagram for components). (2)

The Cathedral is being restored and is in normal use. (3)

Cathedral Church of St Mary and St Ethelbert. Cathedral C11 to C15, restored and altered by Wyatt, Cottingham, Sir Gilbert Scott and Oldried Scott. Ashlar sandstone; lead roofs. Grade I (see list for details). (4)






Sources :
Source Number : 1
Source :
Source details : OS 6" 1964
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Source Number : 2
Source :
Source details : RCHM Here 1 1931 90-116 plan illus.
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Source Number : 3
Source :
Source details : F1 MHB 25-FEB-71
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Source Number : 4
Source :
Source details : DNH (HHR) City of Hereford 1994 90
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Source Number : 5
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Source details :
Page(s) : 426-7
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Monument Types:
Monument Period Name : Early Medieval
Display Date : Built early C11th
Monument End Date : 1032
Monument Start Date : 1000
Monument Type : Cathedral
Evidence : Architectural Component
Monument Period Name : Early Medieval
Display Date : Destroyed 1055
Monument End Date : 1055
Monument Start Date : 1055
Monument Type : Cathedral
Evidence : Architectural Component
Monument Period Name : Medieval
Display Date : Built 1079-1095
Monument End Date : 1095
Monument Start Date : 1079
Monument Type : Chapel
Evidence : Ruined Building
Monument Period Name : Medieval
Display Date : Rebuilt C12th
Monument End Date : 1199
Monument Start Date : 1100
Monument Type : Cathedral
Evidence : Extant Building
Monument Period Name : Medieval
Display Date : Built 1340-70
Monument End Date : 1370
Monument Start Date : 1340
Monument Type : Chapter House
Evidence : Ruined Building
Monument Period Name : Medieval
Display Date : Built early C15th
Monument End Date : 1432
Monument Start Date : 1400
Monument Type : Cloister
Evidence : Extant Building, Demolished Building
Monument Period Name : Post Medieval
Display Date : Roof removed during the Civil War
Monument End Date : 1649
Monument Start Date : 1642
Monument Type : Chapter House
Evidence : Ruined Building
Monument Period Name : Post Medieval
Display Date : Altered 1760
Monument End Date : 1760
Monument Start Date : 1760
Monument Type : Cloister, Building
Evidence : Demolished Building
Monument Period Name : Post Medieval
Display Date : Partly demolished 1769
Monument End Date : 1769
Monument Start Date : 1769
Monument Type : Chapter House
Evidence : Ruined Building
Monument Period Name : Post Medieval
Display Date : 1897 alterations
Monument End Date : 1897
Monument Start Date : 1897
Monument Type : Building, Library
Evidence : Demolished Building, Extant Building
Components and Objects:
Related Records from other datasets:
External Cross Reference Source : NBR Index Number
External Cross Reference Number : 96418
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : National Monuments Record Number
External Cross Reference Number : SO 53 NW 3
External Cross Reference Notes :
Related Warden Records :
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Related Activities :
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date :
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Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1971-02-25
End Date : 1971-02-25
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1977-01-01
End Date : 1977-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1980-01-01
End Date : 1980-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1985-01-01
End Date : 1985-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1989-01-01
End Date : 1989-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1991-01-01
End Date : 1991-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1991-01-01
End Date : 1993-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EVALUATION
Start Date : 1992-01-01
End Date : 1992-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY
Start Date : 1992-01-01
End Date : 1992-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1995-01-01
End Date : 1995-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1996-01-01
End Date : 1996-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1997-01-01
End Date : 1997-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EVALUATION
Start Date : 1997-01-01
End Date : 1997-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY
Start Date : 1997-01-01
End Date : 1997-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 1998-01-01
End Date : 1998-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1998-01-01
End Date : 1998-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1998-01-01
End Date : 1998-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1999-01-01
End Date : 2000-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 2000-01-01
End Date : 2000-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY
Start Date : 2004-01-01
End Date : 2004-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY
Start Date : 2006-01-01
End Date : 2006-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY
Start Date : 2007-01-01
End Date : 2010-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : DESK BASED ASSESSMENT
Start Date : 2008-01-01
End Date : 2008-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 2009-01-01
End Date : 2011-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL SURVEY
Start Date : 2014-01-01
End Date : 2014-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EVALUATION
Start Date : 2016-01-01
End Date : 2017-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 2016-01-01
End Date : 2016-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : WATCHING BRIEF
Start Date : 2017-01-01
End Date : 2017-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 2017-01-01
End Date : 2017-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EVALUATION
Start Date : 2017-01-01
End Date : 2017-12-31