| Summary : The site of a Royal Air Force Chain Home Low radar station at Truleigh Hill established by June 1940. It provided early warning of low-flying enemy aircraft approaching the Brighton area of the south coast during the Second World War, and formed part of the radar warning systems for the key 11 Group RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain. Chain Home Low sites typically comprised two gantries carrying the transmitter and receiver aerial arrays, a transmitter and receiver hut, a standby set house for the reserve power, and a general purposes hut. Defence measures installed at radar stations included Light Anti-Aircraft gun emplacements, pillboxes, road blocks and air raid shelters. Aerial photography from 1976 shows that partial remains of the original station survive. This includes the transmission block shell and aerial bases at TQ 2244 1062, building bases at TQ 2266 1062, an aerial plinth at TQ 2266 1078, parchmarks indicating a receiver block at TQ 2264 1084, further building bases at TQ 2220 1088, and a probable aerial plinth at TQ 2204 1074. In 1952 the radar station was reconstructed as part of the Rotor programme to modernise the United Kingdom's radar defences. It was fitted with Type 14 Mk. 7 radar mounted on a plinth and 25 feet gantry, and equipped with a single-storey, underground R2 operations block and a guardhouse designed to resemble a bungalow. It was decommissioned in 1958. The guardhouse and R2 operations block survive in good condition; the guardhouse is visible on modern photographs published on the internet in 2005 and 2009. The full extent of the station is visible as 1940s vertical air photographs and was mapped as part of the Changing Chalk: Downs from Above Aerial Survey project.
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| More information : A Chain Home Low Station located at Truleigh Hill (TQ 226 107), called site CHL07B. It was established by 04-JUN-1940. Chain Home Low (CHL) stations provided early warning of approaching low-flying enemy aircraft during the Second World War. CHL stations used technology originally used by the Army to plot shipping for coastal batteries. In 1940 the Royal Air Force established the series of Chain Home Low stations to supplement the existing Chain Home stations as they were capable of detecting lower-flying aircraft. CHL sites typically comprised two gantries carrying the transmitter and receiver aerial arrays, a transmitter and receiver hut, a standby set house for the reserve power, and a general purposes hut. Defence measures installed at radar stations included Light Anti-Aircraft gun emplacements, pillboxes, road blocks and air raid shelters. (1)
Chain Home Low Station at Truleigh Hill. Aerial photography from 1976 shows that partial remains of the original station survive. This includes the transmission block shell and aerial bases at TQ 2244 1062, building bases at TQ 2266 1062, an aerial plinth at TQ 2266 1078, parchmarks indicating a receiver block at TQ 2264 1084, further building bases at TQ 2220 1088, and a probable aerial plinth at TQ 2204 1074. The remainder of the site was built over my a modern radar station. (2)
Radar station site is on 2007 edition OS map and has been polygonised, which is why record NGR may be different to NGRs given above. (3)
The Rotor programme was developed to advance the wartime radar technology in detecting and locating fast-flying jets. It was approved by the Air Council in June 1950. The first phase of the programme, Rotor 1, was to technically restore existing Chain Home, centrimetric early warning, Chain Home Extra Low and Ground Controlled Interception stations and put them under the control of RAF Fighter Command. There were three main components to the Rotor stations: the technical site, including the radars, operation blocks and other installations; the domestic site, where personnel were accommodated; and the stand-by set house, a reserve power supply. The techincal site for Truleigh Hill Rotor station was located at TQ 224 109. The domestic site was situated at TQ 233 057 and the stand-by set house at TQ 214 082.
The two main constructions at Rotor stations were the operations block and guardhouse. Operations blocks were the largest structures built at Rotor stations. They were constructed of reinforced concrete and designed to withstand 2,000lb bombs. The outer walls and roof of the Rotor operations blocks were 3 metres thick and the internal walls between 0.15 to 0.6 metres wide. The exterior was coated with an asphalt damp course and surrounded by a 0.15 metre brick wall. The roof was usually flush with the ground surface and up to 4.34 metres of earth was mounded on top. The guardhouses were designed to resemble bungalows. They were single-storey buildings capped with a flat, concrete roof, above which a pitched roof contained water tanks. They were generally constructed of brick, but were built to blend in with the local architectural style. The guard rooms also contained an armoury, store, rest room and lavatories. Those associated with underground operations blocks featured a projecting rear annex that housed a stairwell leading down to an access tunnel. (4-6)
Aerial photography from 1976 shows that the guardhouse and R2 operations block survive in good condition. Later, additional features are also visible and parts of the site on the south-western corner have now been built over. (7)
The Chain Home Extra Low Rotor station at Truleigh Hill was constructed in 1952. It was decommissioned in 1958 and sold to a private buyer. The operations block is unused, although the site serves for police, ambulance and fire service communications. (8)
Aerial photography published online in 2009 shows the guardhouse extant at the site. (9)
RAF Truleigh was a Chain Home Low station that formed part of the radar warning systems for the key 11 Group RAF fighter Command during the Battle of Britain. (10)
The Second World War radar station is visible as structures and earthworks on 1940s vertical air photographs and was mapped as part of the Changing Chalk: Downs from Above Aerial Survey project. The wartime station comprised the central nucleus of masts, buildings and weapons pits with pillboxes or gun posts around the perimeter in a dense mass of barbed wire obstructions. Additional barbed wire defences span out to the east and west of the radar station and numerous gun emplacements are visible also - possibly for anti-aircraft purposes. Only a handful of structures and eartworks from this wartime installation remain extant on the latest 2021 vertical photography and 2019 Environment Agency lidar. (11)
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