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Historic England Research Records

Walkern Bury

Hob Uid: 367933
Location :
Hertfordshire
East Hertfordshire
Walkern
Grid Ref : TL3053026080
Summary : Earthwork remains of a medieval castle. Possibly a motte and bailey though more likely a ringwork. The motte is possibly a prospect mound created when the remains became part of a garden in the 1880s. It is thought that the site might be an adulterine castle from the reign of King Stephen. Scheduled.
More information : (TL 3053 2608) Castle (NR) (Site of) (NAT) (1)

A small oval shaped mound and bailey earthwork covering about 1 1/2 acres. It consists of a nearly circular enclosure, defended by a strong rampart and ditch, the latter partly surrounding a smaller enclosure (now mutilated) on the north. This was probably an adulterine castle of the reign of Stephen attributable to Hamo de St Clare, an adherent of Geoffrey de Mandeville. It never apparently had any masonry work and was probably destroyed (with others of its type) under Henry II (4). (2-4)

The feature is of classic motte-and-bailey "cottage-loaf" plan (though marred on the NW side by the intrusion of farm buildings). But some doubts as to its precise character are raised by the very considerable strength evident in the 'bailey' and the fact that the 'motte' is an almost completely natural rise, of very modest height, with the 'moat' on its east side almost certainly in its present form an ornamental pond. It is therefore possible that the feature is in fact a ring-work castle, and the 'motte' only an illusion.

Patches of nettle within the ring-work (or bailey) suggest possible foundations.
1:2500 Survey revised. (5)

A well proportioned ring castle. (6)

Possible post medieval prospect mound. Details held by the NAR RCHME Southampton but not verified by RCHME Archaeological Field Section. (7)

Listed. (8)

Listed by Cathcart King. (9)

Sources :
Source Number : 1
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Source details : OS 6" 1960
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Source details : F1 NKB 12-NOV-71
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Source Number : 6
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Source details : F2 FDC 01-JUL-75
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Source Number : 7
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Source details : Information from C C Taylor RCHME Cambridge
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Source Number : 8
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Source details : 03-Aug-98
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Source Number : 9
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Monument Types:
Monument Period Name : Medieval
Display Date :
Monument End Date : 1540
Monument Start Date : 1066
Monument Type : Ringwork, Motte And Bailey
Evidence : Earthwork, Conjectural Evidence
Monument Period Name : Medieval
Display Date : Reign of King Stephen
Monument End Date : 1154
Monument Start Date : 1135
Monument Type : Adulterine Castle
Evidence : Conjectural Evidence
Monument Period Name : Post Medieval
Display Date : 1880s
Monument End Date : 1889
Monument Start Date : 1880
Monument Type : Prospect Mound, Garden, Pond
Evidence : Earthwork

Components and Objects:
Related Records from other datasets:
External Cross Reference Source : Scheduled Monument Legacy (County No.)
External Cross Reference Number : HT 10
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : Scheduled Monument Legacy (National No.)
External Cross Reference Number : 29384
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : National Monuments Record Number
External Cross Reference Number : TL 32 NW 8
External Cross Reference Notes :

Related Warden Records :
Related Activities :
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1971-11-12
End Date : 1971-11-12
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1975-07-01
End Date : 1975-07-01